Veterinary Insights: Eye and Heart Examination of Bornean Sun Bears

Veterinary Insights: Eye and Heart Examination of Bornean Sun Bears

The sun bear is the least studied bear species globally, with many aspects of their medical baseline data still unknown. Their distinct differences from domestic species, such as dogs, make their care and study particularly fascinating.

Last week, we completed a notable project involving electroretinography (ERG) and echocardiography for sun bears. This work was part of the health assessment focusing on the eyes and heart, especially for seven older sun bears who may have age-related pathologies.

Echocardiography, or an echo test, employs ultrasound waves to create detailed images of the heart. This method assesses the heart's structure and function, identifies abnormalities, and monitors overall heart health. Older animals, particularly captive wildlife, heart diseases are often underdiagnosed. We are pleased to report that none of the bears we examined showed signs of heart disease.

ERG is a diagnostic test that evaluates the electrical responses of the eye’s light-sensitive cells—rods and cones—to light stimuli. This test is crucial for diagnosing retinal functionality, particularly in cases of chronic cataractous eyes.

We are grateful to the many local specialists who support BSBCC in our wildlife health initiatives. Dr. Nadzariah Cheng (Animed Veterinary Centre), Dr. Anthony Leong ( Shinzō VetCardio), Dr. Chiang and his ophthalmology team (Hospital Duchess of Kent) are generously share their expertise in caring for the sun bears. We are also thankful to Mindray and Dr. Jessie Ho (Jesselton Animal Clinic) for lending us their ultrasound equipment and Vcheck Analyzer, which were instrumental in making this health assessment feasible.

Kudos to everyone involved in this important work for the health of the bears!Each piece of knowledge gained from these examinations enhances our baseline data, aiding in the broader conservation and healthcare of this amazing species.